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SPAR Ontologies (CiTO, FaBiO, FRAPO)

Ontology / Vocabulary Scholarly openly published

The SPAR Ontologies are a set of modular OWL 2 DL ontologies for for describing all the main aspects of publishing domain...

SPAR Ontologies project, from their own opening paragraph

What I make of it

Citation typing, bibliographic entities and funding/project data. Split on refinement.

Other scholarly data models

BIBO (Bibliographic Ontology) Ontology / Vocabulary Crossref metadata schema Metadata Model DataCite Metadata Schema Metadata Model JATS (Journal Article Tag Suite) Exchange Schema RO-Crate Metadata Model
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Model Details
Steward SPAR Ontologies project
Layer Ontology / Vocabulary
Domain Scholarly
Status live
Access Openly published
Go to the steward →
How I know this

Promoted from the public Linked Open Vocabularies registry, then confirmed against the steward's own site.

Confirmed 2026-08-11

Evidence: steward evidence 3/3. Found something wrong? Tell me — corrections are cheap and I would rather be right.

Modernity Profile
Access Open
Assessed 53.0% of the rubric

Not enough of this standard was readable to place it in a band. That is a limit of what I could see, not a finding against the standard.

A separate measure from the Kin Score, which rates API providers. This rates how current a standard is in how it is expressed, published and paid for — not how good it is. EDIFACT and X12 score low here and move an enormous share of world trade.

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